Fiber, being short for fiber optic, is a kind of light transmission tool that using total reflection principle in fiber of glass or plastic. Fine fibers encapsulates in a plastic sheath, so that it can bend and will not break. Typically, one end of the transmitting device of the fiber using light emitting diode (LED) or a laser pulse transmits light pulse to the optical fiber, the other end of the optical receiving device detects pulse using the photosensitive component. In our daily life, the transmission loss of light in the optical fiber is lower than the loss of electrical conduction.Fiber optical is used as a long-distance optical fiber information transmission.
Fiber optic is made by pure quartz in a special craft pulled into filaments with a diameter finer than a human hair. The transmission of beam signal will not be interfered by electromagnetic in the glass fiber and is stability. With the characteristics of reliable performance, high quality, fast speed, low line losses, transmission distance,it is suitable for high-speed networks and backbone.
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Fiber is a transmission medium, produced according to the total reflection principle of light. Fiber is a kind of medium which sends messages from one end to another end. Usually fiber and cable would be confused. Most fiber must be covered with several layers of protective structure before using, then it can be called fiber optic. The outer protective structures of fiber optic can prevent fiber optic from damage for the surrounding environment, such as water, fire, electric shock and so on. Cable is divided into three parts: optical fiber, the buffer layer and the coating. Fiber optic is similar with coaxial cable, but it does not have mesh shielding. Central is the glass core of light propagation. In a multimode fiber, the diameter of lamp pith is 15mm ~ 50mm, which is about equal with the thickness of a human hair.While the core diameter of the single-mode fiber is 8mm ~ 10mm. The core is surrounded by glass envelope which has a lower refractive index than the core in order to keep the fiber within the core. Then the outside is a thin plastic jacket to protect the envelope. Fiber optical is often tied into bundles and there is enclosure protection outside. The fiber optic core is double concentric cylinders with small cross-sectional area which is usually made of quartz glass, It is crisp texture, easy to break, so it needs a protective layer.
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